A Brit’s Guide to the History of American Thanksgiving

Discover the origins, traditions, and festive feasts of one of America’s biggest holidays.

When late November rolls around, our friends across the Atlantic begin preparing for a celebration that rivals Christmas in scale, excitement, and indulgence: Thanksgiving. 

Although it isn’t traditionally observed here in the UK, many of us have become increasingly curious about the holiday, especially as American films, TV, and social media offer us glimpses of huge turkeys, pumpkin pies, and enormous parades winding through city streets.

Here’s a friendly guide to what Thanksgiving is all about, how it began, what Americans typically eat, and why the parades are such a huge part of the day.

Where Thanksgiving Began: A Brief History

The first widely recognised Thanksgiving celebration took place in 1621 in Plymouth, Massachusetts. English Puritan settlers—known as the Pilgrims—had endured a harsh first winter in the New World. With much of their colony lost to illness and hunger, survival looked uncertain.

By autumn 1621, however, they harvested their first successful crops with the help of the Wampanoag people, an Indigenous nation who taught the newcomers essential farming and foraging skills. In thanks, the Pilgrims held a three-day feast alongside the Wampanoag. It wasn’t called “Thanksgiving” at the time, nor was it repeated annually, but the idea laid the foundation for the tradition.

It wasn’t until 1863, during the American Civil War, that President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed Thanksgiving a national holiday dedicated to gratitude and unity. In 1941, it officially became fixed on the fourth Thursday of November, where it remains today.

The Heart of the Celebration: The Thanksgiving Feast

Much like Christmas dinner here in the UK, the Thanksgiving table is where families gather, recipes are closely guarded, and portions become delightfully excessive. Although dishes vary by region and family tradition, several classics are almost always present:

Turkey

The centrepiece. Usually roasted, sometimes brined, occasionally deep-fried in the southern states. It’s the star of the show.

Stuffing (or Dressing)

Often cooked separately and flavoured with herbs, sausage, or cornbread, depending on local traditions.

Mashed Potatoes

Creamy, buttery, and topped with gravy—non-negotiable for most households.

Sweet Potatoes

In many homes, they’re baked with brown sugar and—most surprising to Brits—topped with marshmallows.

Green Bean Casserole

A comforting dish made with green beans, creamy sauce, and crispy onions.

Cranberry Sauce

Homemade or from a tin, much like our Christmas cranberry traditions.

Pumpkin Pie (and its cousins)

Dessert is often a selection of pumpkin, pecan, and apple pies, each flavoured with warm spices that make the whole house smell like autumn.

For many Americans, the meal is as symbolic as it is enjoyable. It’s about family, gratitude, and taking a moment to pause before the hectic run-up to Christmas.

The Iconic Thanksgiving Parades

One of the most spectacular parts of Thanksgiving happens long before the turkey reaches the oven: the Thanksgiving Day parades. These enormous, colourful processions attract millions of viewers both in person and on television.

The Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade

The most famous of all parades takes place in New York City, and has been running since 1924. Expect giant character balloons (Snoopy, Pikachu, and many others), marching bands, dancers, enormous floats, and a grand finale featuring Father Christmas—marking the official start of the American festive season.

Other Major Parades

Cities such as Chicago, Detroit, and Philadelphia also host major parades, each with its own style and traditions. For many families, watching the morning parade on television is as essential as carving the turkey.

A Holiday That Opens the Festive Season

For Americans, Thanksgiving serves as the gateway to Christmas. The following day, Black Friday, marks the beginning of holiday shopping, and homes across the USA put up their decorations during Thanksgiving weekend.

Here in the UK, we may not celebrate Thanksgiving ourselves, but its warmth, traditions, and sense of community resonate strongly with the spirit of Christmas. Whether you’re exploring festive recipes or simply curious about the origins of this vibrant holiday, Thanksgiving offers a lovely way to connect with friends and family around the world.

Want to see how you can celebrate Thanksgiving at home? We'll cover that in a little while.